The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.